Prescription medication · Opioid Analgesic

codeine

Also sold as Codeine Sulfate. This medicine is used to manage mild to moderate pain.

Data updated 2026-05-15

3,245
FDA reportsLightly reported
27
InteractionsSeveral interactions
1
Recall record

What the data shows

codeine (Codeine Sulfate) is a prescription Opioid Analgesic, among the least-reported drugs the FDA tracks (3,245 FDA reports), with 27 documented drug interactions.

Reporting volume reflects how widely a drug is used and studied, not how dangerous it is, a FAERS report documents a temporal association, never proof of cause.

codeine (Codeine Sulfate) is a prescription Opioid Analgesic. This medicine is used to manage mild to moderate pain.

This medicine contains acetaminophen and codeine. It is used to treat mild to moderate pain when other pain medicines are not strong enough.

Drug Pricing (NADAC)

Generic Price

$0.67/unit

Generic Available

Yes (1 manufacturer)

Pricing data from NADAC (CMS), effective December 18, 2024. Compare all drug costs →

View Alternatives → Compare with Another Drug → Full Side Effects Report →

What it does

This medicine is used to manage mild to moderate pain.

Common side effects

Feeling drowsy, Lightheadedness, Dizziness

Key warnings

This medicine can be habit-forming, leading to addiction, abuse, and misuse, which can result in overdose and death.

The sections below are summarized in plain English from codeine's FDA-approved prescribing information. They describe what the official label says, and are not personal medical advice.

How It Works

Codeine works in the brain to change how your body feels and responds to pain. Acetaminophen also helps to relieve pain. Together, they provide pain relief.

Side Effects (from patient reports)

Based on 3,245 FDA adverse event reports.

Most-reported reactions

Adverse reactions in FAERS for codeine, by number of reports

reports

What this shows Bars show how often each reaction was reported, not how likely it is to happen, a report records a temporal association, never proof that the drug caused it.

Source FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) As of 2025

Reports over time

Adverse-event reports filed for codeine each year to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

0200400600 20042009201220152018202120242025 129

Year-to-year volume tracks usage, prescribing, and scrutiny, not a change in per-patient risk. Source: FDA FAERS.

Where codeine sits

codeine has more FDA adverse-event reports than 19% of the drugs FAERS tracks. A high position reflects how widely a drug is used and watched, not how dangerous it is.

fewest reports most reports

Percentile across all drugs PlainMeds tracks by FAERS report volume. The dot is codeine; the line is the median (50th percentile).

FDA Adverse Event Report Analysis

Detailed analysis of 3,245 reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Reports span 2004–2025.

Total Reports

3,245

Reports Mentioning Death

798

24.6% of reports — not proof of cause

Hospitalization Reports

643

Top Indication

Product Used For Unknown Indication

Gender Distribution

Female 1,826 (68%)
Male 837 (31%)

Age Distribution

0–17 59
18–44 462
45–64 596
65–74 303
75+ 246

Most Reported Adverse Reactions (FAERS)

# Reaction Reports
1 DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY 807
2 NAUSEA 488
3 MALAISE 374
5 VOMITING 365
6 HEADACHE 356
7 ARTHRALGIA 354
8 DIARRHOEA 343
9 DYSPNOEA 327
10 FATIGUE 301
11 COUGH 300
12 PAIN 279
13 PRURITUS 268
14 ABDOMINAL PAIN UPPER 261
15 ASTHENIA 258
16 RASH 252

Reactions in Death Reports

TOXICITY TO VARIOUS AGENTS 224
CARDIO-RESPIRATORY ARREST 196
DIARRHOEA 191
DYSPNOEA 182
ASTHENIA 181
DIZZINESS 178
HAEMORRHAGIC STROKE 177
ARTHRALGIA 175
TACHYCARDIA 175
HEADACHE 174

Reactions in Hospitalization Reports

NAUSEA 106
PAIN 106
DIARRHOEA 102
DYSPNOEA 102
ARTHRALGIA 100
HEADACHE 94
RASH 88
HYPERSENSITIVITY 82
MALAISE 82
FATIGUE 78

Source: FDA FAERS (Adverse Event Reporting System) Reports are voluntary and do not establish causation

Serious Warnings

This medicine can be habit-forming, leading to addiction, abuse, and misuse, which can result in overdose and death. Serious, life-threatening breathing problems can occur, especially when starting the medicine or after a dose increase. Accidental ingestion, especially by children, can cause a fatal overdose. Do not give this medicine to children under 12 years old, or to children under 18 after tonsil or adenoid removal, due to the risk of life-threatening breathing problems. This medicine can also harm your liver. Taking this medicine with certain other medicines like benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants can cause serious side effects, including death.

Known Drug Interactions

The concomitant use of acetaminophen and codeine phosphate tablets and CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g., paroxetine, fluoxetine, bupropion, quinidine) can increase the plasma concentration of codeine, but can decrease the plasma concentration of active metabolite morphine, which could result in reduced analgesic efficacy or symptoms of opioid withdrawal, particularly when an inhibitor is added after a stable dose of acetaminophen and codeine phosphate tablets is achieved (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY ).

Mechanism: Bupropion blocks the body from changing codeine into morphine, which is the active part that relieves pain. This can make the medicine less effective or cause withdrawal symptoms.

The concomitant use of acetaminophen and codeine phosphate tablets and CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g., paroxetine, fluoxetine, bupropion, quinidine) can increase the plasma concentration of codeine, but can decrease the plasma concentration of active metabolite morphine, which could result in reduced analgesic efficacy or symptoms of opioid withdrawal, particularly when an inhibitor is added after a stable dose of acetaminophen and codeine phosphate tablets is achieved (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY ).

Mechanism: Fluoxetine prevents codeine from being converted into its active form, morphine. This can lead to poor pain control or cause you to feel symptoms of opioid withdrawal.

Examples of these drugs include, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), triptans, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, drugs that affect the serotonin neurotransmitter system (e.g., mirtazapine, trazodone, tramadol), certain muscle relaxants (i.e., cyclobenzaprine, metaxalone), and monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (used to treat psychiatric disorders and also others, such as linezolid and intravenous methylene blue) (see PRECAUTIONS; Information for Patients/Caregivers ).

Mechanism: Both of these drugs affect a chemical in the brain called serotonin. Taking them together can cause serotonin levels to become too high, which can be dangerous.

Examples of these drugs include, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), triptans, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, drugs that affect the serotonin neurotransmitter system (e.g., mirtazapine, trazodone, tramadol), certain muscle relaxants (i.e., cyclobenzaprine, metaxalone), and monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (used to treat psychiatric disorders and also others, such as linezolid and intravenous methylene blue) (see PRECAUTIONS; Information for Patients/Caregivers ).

Mechanism: These medications both increase the amount of serotonin in your body. Having too much serotonin can lead to a serious condition called serotonin syndrome.

Examples of these drugs include, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), triptans, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, drugs that affect the serotonin neurotransmitter system (e.g., mirtazapine, trazodone, tramadol), certain muscle relaxants (i.e., cyclobenzaprine, metaxalone), and monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (used to treat psychiatric disorders and also others, such as linezolid and intravenous methylene blue) (see PRECAUTIONS; Information for Patients/Caregivers ).

Mechanism: Taking these two drugs together can raise serotonin levels in your brain to an unsafe level. This increases the risk of a serious reaction called serotonin syndrome.

Check all your medications →

This is a plain-language summary of FDA-label interaction records and does not provide individual medication-combination directions.

Common Questions

Can I drive while taking this medicine?
This medicine can cause drowsiness and dizziness, so do not drive or operate heavy machinery until you know how it affects you.
Can I drink alcohol while taking this medicine?
Do not drink alcohol while taking this medicine, as it can increase the risk of serious side effects.
What should I do if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention immediately.
Can I take this medicine with other pain relievers?
Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking this medicine with other pain relievers.
How long does it take for this medicine to work?
This medicine usually starts to work within 30 to 60 minutes.
Can I become addicted to this medicine?
This medicine can be habit-forming, so take it exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
What are the signs of an allergic reaction?
Signs of an allergic reaction include rash, itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing.
Can I stop taking this medicine suddenly?
Do not stop taking this medicine suddenly, as you may experience withdrawal symptoms. Talk to your doctor about how to gradually stop taking it.
What should I tell my doctor before taking this medicine?
Tell your doctor about all of your medical conditions and medications you are taking.
How should I dispose of unused medicine?
Follow the instructions on the medication guide or talk to your pharmacist about proper disposal.
What are the common side effects of codeine?
The registry lists Feeling drowsy, Lightheadedness, Dizziness, Feeling sleepy, Shortness of breath among the most-reported FAERS reaction terms for codeine. The compiled record contains 3,245 FDA adverse-event reports. These counts are not an individual symptom assessment.
Does codeine interact with other medications?
The registry has 27 documented interaction rows for codeine. Notable source-record pairings include bupropion, fluoxetine, trazodone. These rows are not a complete medication review.
What drug class is codeine?
codeine belongs to the Opioid Analgesic drug class. It requires a prescription (Rx). This medicine is used to manage mild to moderate pain.
What pregnancy or breastfeeding source fields are listed for codeine?
The FDA label for codeine contains product-specific pregnancy or breastfeeding language. PlainMeds does not apply that source text to an individual.
Has codeine been recalled?
There is 1 recall associated with codeine products. CGMP Deviations: Firm went out of business and could no longer continue stability studies. Check the recalls section below for full details and affected products.

Active Recalls

Class II April 26, 2023

CGMP Deviations: Firm went out of business and could no longer continue stability studies.

Akorn, Inc.

Other drugs grouped near codeine - same-class peers and common alternatives.

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Compare beyond drug class

Nationwide peers by FAERS volume & death-report share

Two PlainMeds-derived comparison paths for codeine: nearest FDA FAERS report volume and nearest death-report share among drugs with at least 1,000 logged reports, excluding same-class neighbors listed above. Counts reflect reporting volume, not proven individual harm.

Medication Guides

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What the FDA Data Shows for codeine

The FDA label for codeine (sold under brand names such as Codeine Sulfate) classifies it as a prescription-only medication in the Opioid Analgesic class. This medicine is used to manage mild to moderate pain. Official labeling lists 9 commonly reported side effects, including Feeling drowsy, Lightheadedness, Dizziness.

Post-market surveillance from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) captures real-world experience. For this drug, FAERS contains 3,245 voluntary reports. The database also lists 27 documented drug interactions derived from FDA labeling, with the top-flagged interaction rated minor severity. NADAC pricing from CMS shows a generic unit cost of $0.67.

Report counts do not establish causation, a FAERS entry documents a temporal association, not proof that the drug produced the outcome. Widely prescribed medications naturally accumulate more reports than niche therapies, so raw totals must be interpreted alongside total exposure. Shortage status, recall history (currently 1 recall record on file), and patent information are separate source-record fields. This page is a public FDA/CMS registry and does not provide medical, treatment, substitution, or medication-change directions.

Data Sources

Drug labeling: FDA Drug Labels (SPL/DailyMed). Adverse events: FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Pricing: CMS National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC).

FAERS reports are voluntary and do not establish causation. Drug interactions are derived from FDA labeling and clinical references. This registry does not provide medication decisions.

Last updated: December 26, 2024

PlainMeds is rendered directly from FDA openFDA/FAERS extracts, DailyMed labels, and CMS drug-pricing files, no number is typed in by an editor. FAERS counts, recalls, shortages, and price figures on this page are queried live from those federal extracts. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error. Data current as of 2026-05-15. Primary sources: openFDA / FAERS, DailyMed and CMS Part B ASP.

Data currency: FDA FAERS adverse-event reports through 2025, CMS NADAC acquisition-cost pricing effective December 2024, compiled from the source snapshot dated . See our methodology for per-source dates and refresh cadence. Spot a figure that looks wrong? Report a data issue.

All federal data sources used on this page