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phenytoin Side Effects

Also known as: Dilantin

Analysis of 20,453 adverse event reports submitted to the FDA from 2004 to 2025.

Total Reports

20,453

Death-Related

2,949

14.4% of reports

Hospitalizations

8,381

41.0% of reports

Top Indication

Product Used For Unknown Indication

Most Reported Adverse Reactions

DRUG INEFFECTIVE
2,670
DRUG INTERACTION
1,547
SEIZURE
1,382
TOXICITY TO VARIOUS AGENTS
1,353
CONVULSION
1,262
OFF LABEL USE
1,087
STATUS EPILEPTICUS
791
STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME
770
PYREXIA
683
FALL
609
DRUG REACTION WITH EOSINOPHILIA AND SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS
600
DIZZINESS
597
CONDITION AGGRAVATED
556
SOMNOLENCE
537
EPILEPSY
525
CONFUSIONAL STATE
520
VOMITING
520
HYPOTENSION
518
ATAXIA
516
NAUSEA
511

Who Reports Side Effects

Gender Distribution

Female 8,573 (48%)
Male 9,243 (51%)
Unknown 139

Age Distribution

0-17 2,264 (16%)
18-44 4,572 (31%)
45-64 4,394 (30%)
65-74 1,955 (13%)
75+ 1,394 (10%)

Reporting Trend by Year

2004 2025

Reactions in Death Reports

Top reactions reported in 2,949 reports where death was an outcome. These are voluntarily reported and do not establish causation.

Reaction Reports
DEATH 364
COMPLETED SUICIDE 358
DRUG INEFFECTIVE 290
CARDIAC ARREST 237
TOXICITY TO VARIOUS AGENTS 236
SEPSIS 202
OFF LABEL USE 186
STATUS EPILEPTICUS 137
DRUG INTERACTION 130
TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS 130
PNEUMONIA 126
HYPOTENSION 120
STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME 111
RENAL FAILURE 103
RESPIRATORY FAILURE 101
MULTIPLE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME 99
CONVULSION 96
BRAIN OEDEMA 89
THROMBOCYTOPENIA 89
PYREXIA 88

Reactions in Hospitalization Reports

Top reactions in 8,381 reports where hospitalization was an outcome.

Reaction Reports
DRUG INEFFECTIVE 1,183
DRUG INTERACTION 848
TOXICITY TO VARIOUS AGENTS 813
SEIZURE 532
OFF LABEL USE 491
CONVULSION 468
PYREXIA 467
STATUS EPILEPTICUS 446
STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME 430
FALL 413
DRUG REACTION WITH EOSINOPHILIA AND SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS 390
CONFUSIONAL STATE 366
VOMITING 327
ATAXIA 326
HYPOTENSION 308
DIZZINESS 298
NAUSEA 293
SOMNOLENCE 279
NYSTAGMUS 274
PNEUMONIA 265

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What the FAERS Data Reveals About phenytoin Side Effects

The FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) contains 20,453 voluntary reports linked to phenytoin and its brand equivalents (Dilantin), spanning 2004 through 2025. Of those, 2,949 (14.4%) listed death as an outcome and 8,381 (41.0%) involved hospitalization. The most common indication reported alongside adverse events was Product Used For Unknown Indication.

Demographic breakdowns help contextualize who is being exposed to the drug. Of reports with known sex, 48% were female and 51% male; age distribution skews toward 18-44, with 4,572 reports in that bracket. The single most reported reaction is drug ineffective with 2,670 submissions, followed by drug interaction and seizure.

FAERS is a signal-detection tool, not a scorecard. Reports are voluntary, and a single case may list multiple suspect drugs, so numbers above should not be read as incidence rates or per-patient risk. Widely prescribed drugs naturally accumulate more reports than niche therapies even when individual risk is low. These aggregates are useful for spotting patterns that merit further pharmacovigilance, not for choosing between medications. This page is for educational reference only and is not medical advice — speak with a licensed clinician about any side-effect concerns.