PlainMeds provides educational information only. This is not medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Drug side effects

leflunomide Side Effects

The reactions most often reported to the FDA for leflunomide (also sold as Arava), with demographics, serious outcomes, and reporting trends.

Data updated 2026-05-15

102,095
FAERS reports

Data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), 2004 to 2025. A FAERS report records a temporal association, not proof of cause. See our methodology for how figures are compiled and de-duplicated.

The most commonly reported side effects of leflunomide come from 102,095 reports to the FDA, broken down here by frequency, patient demographics, and serious outcomes.

This page analyzes 102,095 reports to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for leflunomide (Arava): the reactions reported most often, who reported them, serious outcomes such as hospitalization, and year-over-year trends. A FAERS report does not prove the drug caused the effect, and report volume tracks how widely a drug is used, not how likely an effect is for any one person. Educational information, not medical advice.

Total Reports

102,095

Reports Mentioning Death

8,456

8.3% of reports — not proof the medicine caused the death

Hospitalizations

27,652

27.1% of reports

Top Indication

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Most Reported Adverse Reactions

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
24,923
PAIN
20,055
ARTHRALGIA
16,941
JOINT SWELLING
15,567
FATIGUE
15,384
RASH
13,321
ABDOMINAL DISCOMFORT
11,731
ALOPECIA
11,692
CONTRAINDICATED PRODUCT ADMINISTERED
11,637
ARTHROPATHY
10,791
CONDITION AGGRAVATED
10,367
SWELLING
10,250
NAUSEA
10,126
SYNOVITIS
10,026
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
9,625
TREATMENT FAILURE
9,615
DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY
9,588

Who Reports Side Effects

Gender Distribution

Female 74,653 (82%)
Male 16,529 (18%)
Unknown 141

Age Distribution

0-17 912 (1%)
18-44 14,295 (23%)
45-64 29,335 (48%)
65-74 11,490 (19%)
75+ 5,158 (8%)

Reporting Trend by Year

2004 2025

Reactions in Death Reports

Top reactions reported in 8,456 reports where death was an outcome. These are voluntarily reported and do not establish causation.

Reaction Reports
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 2,231
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS 2,196
GENERAL PHYSICAL HEALTH DETERIORATION 2,146
GLOSSODYNIA 2,120
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS 2,093
RASH 2,072
JOINT SWELLING 2,064
HAND DEFORMITY 2,063
FATIGUE 2,058
PSORIATIC ARTHROPATHY 2,051
SYNOVITIS 2,040
DUODENAL ULCER PERFORATION 2,017
HYPOAESTHESIA 2,017
FIBROMYALGIA 2,013
INFUSION RELATED REACTION 1,993
HEPATIC ENZYME INCREASED 1,990
HYPERTENSION 1,985
SWELLING 1,983
HELICOBACTER INFECTION 1,976

Reactions in Hospitalization Reports

Top reactions in 27,652 reports where hospitalization was an outcome.

Reaction Reports
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 6,005
PAIN 5,662
ARTHRALGIA 5,457
FATIGUE 4,987
RASH 4,745
JOINT SWELLING 4,576
ARTHROPATHY 4,339
DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY 4,027
SYNOVITIS 3,959
CONDITION AGGRAVATED 3,941
NAUSEA 3,826
ABDOMINAL DISCOMFORT 3,823
DIARRHOEA 3,729
HEADACHE 3,715
HYPERSENSITIVITY 3,657
INFUSION RELATED REACTION 3,604
VOMITING 3,534

Compare leflunomide vs abatacept →

What the FAERS Data Reveals About leflunomide Side Effects

The FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) contains 102,095 voluntary reports linked to leflunomide and its brand equivalents (Arava), spanning 2004 through 2025. Of those, 8,456 (8.3%) listed death as an outcome and 27,652 (27.1%) involved hospitalization. The most common indication reported alongside adverse events was Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Demographic breakdowns help contextualize who is being exposed to the drug. Of reports with known sex, 82% were female and 18% male; age distribution skews toward 45-64, with 29,335 reports in that bracket. The single most reported reaction is rheumatoid arthritis with 24,923 submissions, followed by pain and arthralgia.

How to read these numbers

FAERS is a signal-detection tool, not a scorecard. Reports are voluntary, and a single case may list multiple suspect drugs, so numbers above should not be read as incidence rates or per-patient risk. Widely prescribed drugs naturally accumulate more reports than niche therapies even when individual risk is low. These aggregates are useful for spotting patterns that merit further pharmacovigilance, not for choosing between medications. This page is for educational reference only and is not medical advice, speak with a licensed clinician about any side-effect concerns.