Prescription medication · JAK Inhibitor

tofacitinib

Also sold as Xeljanz. Xeljanz treats rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and ulcerative colitis in adults.

Data updated 2026-05-15

181,998
FDA reportsHeavily reported
5
InteractionsFew interactions
$93.73
Brand price (NADAC)

What the data shows

tofacitinib (Xeljanz) is a prescription JAK Inhibitor, more reported than roughly 9 in 10 tracked drugs (181,998 FDA reports), with 5 documented drug interactions.

Reporting volume reflects how widely a drug is used and studied, not how dangerous it is, a FAERS report documents a temporal association, never proof of cause.

tofacitinib (Xeljanz) is a prescription JAK Inhibitor. Xeljanz treats rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and ulcerative colitis in adults.

Xeljanz is a medicine that reduces inflammation in your body. It is used to treat conditions like arthritis and ulcerative colitis.

Drug Pricing (NADAC)

Brand Price

$93.73/unit

Generic Available

No

PF PRISM CV

Pricing data from NADAC (CMS), effective December 18, 2024. Compare all drug costs →

View Alternatives → Compare with Another Drug → Full Side Effects Report →

What it does

Xeljanz treats rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and ulcerative colitis in adults.

Common side effects

Upper respiratory tract infection (like a cold), Runny nose, Diarrhea

Key warnings

Xeljanz can increase your risk of serious infections, which could lead to hospitalization or death.

The sections below are summarized in plain English from tofacitinib's FDA-approved prescribing information. They describe what the official label says, and are not personal medical advice.

How It Works

Xeljanz is a JAK inhibitor. It works by blocking certain enzymes in your body. These enzymes cause inflammation, so blocking them helps to reduce swelling and pain.

Side Effects (from patient reports)

Based on 181,998 FDA adverse event reports.

Most-reported reactions

Adverse reactions in FAERS for tofacitinib, by number of reports

reports

What this shows Bars show how often each reaction was reported, not how likely it is to happen, a report records a temporal association, never proof that the drug caused it.

Source FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) As of 2025

Reports over time

Adverse-event reports filed for tofacitinib each year to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

010,00020,00030,000 2008201220152018202120242025 8,166

Year-to-year volume tracks usage, prescribing, and scrutiny, not a change in per-patient risk. Source: FDA FAERS.

Where tofacitinib sits

tofacitinib has more FDA adverse-event reports than 94% of the drugs FAERS tracks. A high position reflects how widely a drug is used and watched, not how dangerous it is.

fewest reports most reports

Percentile across all drugs PlainMeds tracks by FAERS report volume. The dot is tofacitinib; the line is the median (50th percentile).

FDA Adverse Event Report Analysis

Detailed analysis of 181,998 reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Reports span 2008–2025.

Total Reports

181,998

Reports Mentioning Death

8,655

4.8% of reports — not proof of cause

Hospitalization Reports

24,557

Top Indication

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Gender Distribution

Female 138,558 (80%)
Male 33,777 (20%)

Age Distribution

0–17 1,620
18–44 23,187
45–64 69,765
65–74 35,158
75+ 17,340

Most Reported Adverse Reactions (FAERS)

# Reaction Reports
2 PAIN 25,737
3 ARTHRALGIA 19,670
4 CONDITION AGGRAVATED 19,467
5 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 18,797
6 FATIGUE 16,595
8 JOINT SWELLING 14,455
9 HEADACHE 13,405
10 RASH 11,912
12 MALAISE 10,489
13 PAIN IN EXTREMITY 10,277
14 ABDOMINAL DISCOMFORT 10,168
15 NAUSEA 9,949
16 DIARRHOEA 9,695
17 PERIPHERAL SWELLING 9,668
18 ALOPECIA 9,255

Reactions in Death Reports

DEATH 3,491
JOINT SWELLING 1,969
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 1,950
PAIN 1,933
RASH 1,899
INFUSION RELATED REACTION 1,889
FATIGUE 1,860
SYNOVITIS 1,848
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS 1,844
GLOSSODYNIA 1,840

Reactions in Hospitalization Reports

PAIN 5,294
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 4,484
CONDITION AGGRAVATED 4,373
ARTHRALGIA 4,344
FATIGUE 4,196
RASH 3,865
JOINT SWELLING 3,732
ARTHROPATHY 3,429
SYNOVITIS 3,310
PERIPHERAL SWELLING 3,152

Source: FDA FAERS (Adverse Event Reporting System) Reports are voluntary and do not establish causation

Serious Warnings

Xeljanz can increase your risk of serious infections, which could lead to hospitalization or death. It may also increase your risk of blood clots, cancer, and heart problems. Talk to your doctor about these risks before taking Xeljanz.

Known Drug Interactions

Table 7: Clinically Significant Interactions Affecting XELJANZ/XELJANZ XR When Concomitantly Used with Other Drugs Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole) Clinical Impact Increased exposure to tofacitinib Intervention Dosage modification of XELJANZ/XELJANZ XR is recommended [see Dosage and Administration (2) , Clinical Pharmacology, Figure 3 (12.3) ] Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors Concomitantly Used with Strong CYP2C19 Inhibitors (e.g., fluconazole) Clinical Impact Increased exposure to tofacitinib Intervention Dosage modification of XELJANZ/XELJANZ XR is recommended [see Dosage and...

Mechanism: Ketoconazole blocks the enzymes that break down tofacitinib, which can cause the drug to build up to high levels in your body.

Table 7: Clinically Significant Interactions Affecting XELJANZ/XELJANZ XR When Concomitantly Used with Other Drugs Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole) Clinical Impact Increased exposure to tofacitinib Intervention Dosage modification of XELJANZ/XELJANZ XR is recommended [see Dosage and Administration (2) , Clinical Pharmacology, Figure 3 (12.3) ] Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors Concomitantly Used with Strong CYP2C19 Inhibitors (e.g., fluconazole) Clinical Impact Increased exposure to tofacitinib Intervention Dosage modification of XELJANZ/XELJANZ XR is recommended [see Dosage and...

Mechanism: Using these two drugs together can overly weaken your immune system, making it harder for your body to fight off infections.

Table 7: Clinically Significant Interactions Affecting XELJANZ/XELJANZ XR When Concomitantly Used with Other Drugs Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole) Clinical Impact Increased exposure to tofacitinib Intervention Dosage modification of XELJANZ/XELJANZ XR is recommended [see Dosage and Administration (2) , Clinical Pharmacology, Figure 3 (12.3) ] Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors Concomitantly Used with Strong CYP2C19 Inhibitors (e.g., fluconazole) Clinical Impact Increased exposure to tofacitinib Intervention Dosage modification of XELJANZ/XELJANZ XR is recommended [see Dosage and...

Mechanism: Rifampin causes your body to process tofacitinib much faster than normal, which can lower the amount of medicine in your blood.

) Tofacitinib: Coadministration of fluconazole (400 mg on Day 1 and 200 mg once daily for 6 days [Days 2 to 7]) and tofacitinib (30 mg single dose on Day 5) in healthy subjects resulted in increased mean tofacitinib AUC and C max values of approximately 79% (90% CI: 64% to 96%) and 27% (90% CI: 12% to 44%), respectively, compared to administration of tofacitinib alone. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Drug Interaction Studies .) Tofacitinib: Systemic exposure to tofacitinib is increased when tofacitinib is coadministered with fluconazole. Reduce the dose of tofacitinib when given concomitantly...

Mechanism: Fluconazole increases the amount of tofacitinib in your system by slowing its metabolism. This can lead to a higher risk of side effects from the tofacitinib.

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors tofacitinib ↑ tofacitinib Dosage adjustment of tofacitinib is recommended. Refer to the tofacitinib product label for more information.

Mechanism: This medicine blocks the enzymes that usually break down tofacitinib, causing more of it to stay in your body.

This is a plain-language summary of FDA-label interaction records and does not provide individual medication-combination directions.

Common Questions

Can I take Xeljanz with other medicines?
Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.
How long does it take for Xeljanz to work?
It may take several weeks or months for you to feel the full effects of Xeljanz.
What should I do if I get an infection while taking Xeljanz?
Tell your doctor right away if you get any signs of infection, such as fever, cough, or sore throat.
Can Xeljanz cause cancer?
Xeljanz may increase your risk of certain types of cancer. Talk to your doctor about this risk.
Can Xeljanz cause blood clots?
Xeljanz may increase your risk of blood clots. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or swelling in your leg.
Will Xeljanz cure my condition?
Xeljanz helps manage your condition, but it is not a cure.
Can I get vaccines while taking Xeljanz?
Avoid live vaccines while taking Xeljanz.
What tests will I need while taking Xeljanz?
Your doctor will do blood tests to monitor your blood cell counts, liver function, and cholesterol levels.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Xeljanz?
Talk to your doctor about drinking alcohol while taking Xeljanz.
What if Xeljanz does not seem to be working?
Talk to your doctor if you do not feel any improvement while taking Xeljanz.
What are the common side effects of tofacitinib?
The registry lists Upper respiratory tract infection (like a cold), Runny nose, Diarrhea, Headache, Increased cholesterol levels among the most-reported FAERS reaction terms for tofacitinib. The compiled record contains 181,998 FDA adverse-event reports. These counts are not an individual symptom assessment.
Does tofacitinib interact with other medications?
The registry has 5 documented interaction rows for tofacitinib. Notable source-record pairings include ketoconazole, cyclosporine, rifampin. These rows are not a complete medication review.
What drug class is tofacitinib?
tofacitinib belongs to the JAK Inhibitor drug class. It requires a prescription (Rx). Xeljanz treats rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and ulcerative colitis in adults.
What pregnancy or breastfeeding source fields are listed for tofacitinib?
The FDA label for tofacitinib contains product-specific pregnancy or breastfeeding language. PlainMeds does not apply that source text to an individual.

Other drugs grouped near tofacitinib - same-class peers and common alternatives.

Compare tofacitinib vs abatacept side-by-side →

Compare beyond drug class

Nationwide peers by FAERS volume & death-report share

Two PlainMeds-derived comparison paths for tofacitinib: nearest FDA FAERS report volume and nearest death-report share among drugs with at least 1,000 logged reports, excluding same-class neighbors listed above. Counts reflect reporting volume, not proven individual harm.

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What the FDA Data Shows for tofacitinib

The FDA label for tofacitinib (sold under brand names such as Xeljanz) classifies it as a prescription-only medication in the JAK Inhibitor class. Xeljanz treats rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and ulcerative colitis in adults. Official labeling lists 8 commonly reported side effects, including Upper respiratory tract infection (like a cold), Runny nose, Diarrhea.

Post-market surveillance from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) captures real-world experience. For this drug, FAERS contains 181,998 voluntary reports. The database also lists 5 documented drug interactions derived from FDA labeling, with the top-flagged interaction rated minor severity. NADAC pricing from CMS.

Report counts do not establish causation, a FAERS entry documents a temporal association, not proof that the drug produced the outcome. Widely prescribed medications naturally accumulate more reports than niche therapies, so raw totals must be interpreted alongside total exposure. Shortage status, recall history, and patent information are separate source-record fields. This page is a public FDA/CMS registry and does not provide medical, treatment, substitution, or medication-change directions.

Data Sources

Drug labeling: FDA Drug Labels (SPL/DailyMed). Adverse events: FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Pricing: CMS National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC).

FAERS reports are voluntary and do not establish causation. Drug interactions are derived from FDA labeling and clinical references. This registry does not provide medication decisions.

Last updated: January 30, 2026

PlainMeds is rendered directly from FDA openFDA/FAERS extracts, DailyMed labels, and CMS drug-pricing files, no number is typed in by an editor. FAERS counts, recalls, shortages, and price figures on this page are queried live from those federal extracts. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error. Data current as of 2026-05-15. Primary sources: openFDA / FAERS, DailyMed and CMS Part B ASP.

Data currency: FDA FAERS adverse-event reports through 2025, CMS NADAC acquisition-cost pricing effective December 2024, compiled from the source snapshot dated . See our methodology for per-source dates and refresh cadence. Spot a figure that looks wrong? Report a data issue.

All federal data sources used on this page