dexamethasone vs hydrocortisone

PlainMeds reviewed this comparison against our methodology in August 2026. It places FDA and CMS record fields side by side, without recommending either medication.

Side-by-side comparison of dexamethasone and hydrocortisone. Data from FDA drug databases (Orange Book, NDC Directory, recalls, shortages) covering 20,000+ approved drugs, plus CMS pricing; see our methodology.

minor Known Drug Interaction

In addition, there have been cases reported in which concomitant use of amphotericin B and hydrocortisone was followed by cardiac enlargement and congestive heart failure.

Drug Class
dexamethasone Corticosteroid
hydrocortisone Corticosteroid
Type
dexamethasone Prescription
hydrocortisone Over-the-Counter
Summary
dexamethasone

Dexamethasone (Decadron) is a corticosteroid medicine. It helps reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.

hydrocortisone

Hydrocortisone cream helps relieve itching and skin problems. It belongs to a class of drugs called corticosteroids.

What It Treats
dexamethasone

This medicine treats many conditions, including allergies, skin problems, and breathing issues. It can also help with certain cancers, hormone problems, and nervous system disorders. Dexamethasone can also be used for short-term relief of arthritis and other joint problems.

hydrocortisone

This medicine can help with itching, skin irritation, inflammation, and rashes. It can treat eczema, psoriasis, poison ivy, insect bites, and other irritations from soaps or jewelry. It can also relieve external anal and genital itching. Ask your doctor before using it for other conditions.

How It Works
dexamethasone

Dexamethasone works by decreasing inflammation in the body. It also changes how your immune system works. This can help reduce symptoms of various conditions.

hydrocortisone

Hydrocortisone reduces inflammation, itching, and redness. It works by reducing the activity of the immune system. This helps to relieve discomfort.

Common Side Effects
dexamethasone
  • Increased appetite
  • Weight gain
  • Fluid retention
  • Mood swings
  • Insomnia
hydrocortisone
  • Rash
  • Itching
FAERS Reports
dexamethasone
  • Fatigue 16,525
  • Diarrhoea 16,515
  • Plasma Cell Myeloma 13,768
  • Nausea 13,495
  • Pneumonia 13,291
hydrocortisone
  • Fatigue 8,851
  • Pain 7,127
  • Condition Aggravated 6,709
  • Nausea 6,688
  • Arthralgia 6,664
Serious Warnings
dexamethasone

If you have a systemic fungal infection, you should not take this medicine. Long-term use can also make it harder for your body to respond to stress.

hydrocortisone

No specific warnings noted.

Pregnancy
dexamethasone

Talk to your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding before taking this medicine. Dexamethasone may harm an unborn baby. It can also pass into breast milk.

hydrocortisone

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding before using this medicine. It is not known if hydrocortisone can harm an unborn baby or pass into breast milk.

Also Compare, Nearby Drugs

How to Read This dexamethasone vs hydrocortisone Comparison

dexamethasone is classified in the Corticosteroid drug class, while hydrocortisone sits within the Corticosteroid class. Because both drugs share the same classification, they are often considered interchangeable in theory, but clinical outcomes rarely track that cleanly. Both drugs are split between OTC and prescription status, which affects access and supervision.

Adverse event totals above are pulled from the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). For these top-ranked reactions alone, dexamethasone has 73,594 submissions while hydrocortisone has 36,039. Those figures reflect cumulative reporting volume, not per-patient risk, so older, widely dispensed drugs typically look worse on count alone. These two drugs have a known minor interaction flagged in FDA labeling, attributed to using two different steroid medications together increases the total amount of medicine in your system. this can put extra stress on your heart and increase the risk of heart failure.. Serious warnings, pregnancy guidance, and contraindications can differ even when indications overlap.

A table cannot represent individual circumstances. Data here is sourced from FDA Structured Product Labels (SPL) and FAERS, both of which update as manufacturers and clinicians submit new information. This registry does not provide medical, treatment, substitution, or medication-change directions for dexamethasone or hydrocortisone.

Registry boundary: This comparison displays source-record fields and does not provide individualized medical direction.