Two medicines, side by side
Captopril vs nifedipine
Captopril and nifedipine are both labeled for high blood pressure. Drugs@FDA records approvals of captopril since 1981 and of nifedipine since 1981. Pharmacies paid $0.228 per captopril 12.5 mg tablet and $0.130 per nifedipine ER 30 mg tablet (NADAC, October 7, 2026); the strengths differ, so the two prices are not like for like. In FDA's classes, captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and nifedipine a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker.
Check it at the source: the captopril FDA label on DailyMed (effective February 6, 2026); the nifedipine FDA label on DailyMed (effective December 24, 2024).
Highlights of the captopril record
Captopril (Capoten) · label of February 6, 2026
FETAL TOXICITY When pregnancy is detected, discontinue captopril tablets as soon as possible. Drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause injury and death to the developing fetus. See WARNINGS: Fetal Toxicity
Used for
From the label: indicationsHypertension Captopril tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension. In using captopril tablets, consideration should be given to the risk of neutropenia/agranulocytosis (see WARNINGS ). Captopril tablets may be used as initial therapy for patients with normal renal function, in whom the risk is relatively low. […]
On the market
- Earliest approval on file
- April 6, 1981
- Generic labelers
- 13 labelers
- Pharmacy cost
- $0.228 per tablet
Supply and safety
- Shortage
- No current entry
- Recalls
- 5
Highlights of the nifedipine record
Nifedipine (Procardia) · label of December 24, 2024
Used for
From the label: indicationsNifedipine extended-release tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents.
On the market
- Earliest approval on file
- December 31, 1981
- Generic labelers
- 32 labelers
- Pharmacy cost
- $0.130 per tablet
Supply and safety
- Shortage
- No current entry
- Recalls
- 7
Source: FDA drug labels via openFDA (Captopril label of February 6, 2026, Nifedipine label of December 24, 2024); NDC Directory, Drugs@FDA, NADAC, FDA shortages and recalls (October 8, 2026)
How do captopril and nifedipine differ on the record?
In FDA's classes, captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and nifedipine a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker.
Half-life, in each label's words: Captopril, “The apparent elimination half-life for total radioactivity in blood is probably less than 3 hours.”; Nifedipine, “The elimination half-life of nifedipine administered as nifedipine extended-release tablets are approximately 7 hours …”
Only the captopril label carries a boxed warning.
Generics: captopril since 1995; nifedipine since 1989 (Drugs@FDA).
| Captopril | Nifedipine | |
|---|---|---|
| Labeled for | High blood pressure, Heart failure, Chronic kidney disease | High blood pressure, Angina |
| Pharmacologic class | Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor | Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker |
| How it works (label) | n/a | n/a |
| Half-life (label) | The apparent elimination half-life for total radioactivity in blood is probably less than 3 hours. | The elimination half-life of nifedipine administered as nifedipine extended-release tablets are approximately 7 hours in contrast to the known 2 hour elimination half-life of nifedipine administered as an immediate … |
| Earliest approval on file (Drugs@FDA) | April 6, 1981 | December 31, 1981 |
| First generic approved | March 31, 1995 | April 28, 1989 |
| Generic labelers (NDC) | 13 labelers | 32 labelers |
| Pharmacy cost (NADAC, each one's most listed form; strengths differ) | $0.228 per tablet (Captopril 12.5 mg tablet) | $0.130 per tablet (Nifedipine ER 30 mg tablet) |
| 12-month price change | -28% | +19% |
| Boxed warning | Yes | No |
| Shortage now | No current entry | No current entry |
| Recalls recorded | 5 | 7 |
| FAERS reports (a report is not proof of cause; counts follow how widely a medicine is used) | 9,557 | 41,059 |
| DEA schedule | none | none |
Source: Drugs@FDA, FDA NDC Directory, CMS NADAC of October 7, 2026, FDA shortages and recalls, FAERS via openFDA (FDA files October 8, 2026)
What next?
- Alternatives to captopril
- every medicine labeled for the same conditions