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Prescription medication · Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI)

phenelzine

Also sold as Nardil. This medicine treats depression, especially when it involves anxiety, phobias, or hypochondria.

Data updated 2026-05-15

1,551
FDA reportsRarely reported
27
InteractionsSeveral interactions
78% less
Generic vs brandBig savings
$2.44
Brand price (NADAC)

What the data shows

phenelzine (Nardil) is a prescription Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI), among the least-reported drugs the FDA tracks (1,551 FDA reports), whose generic runs roughly half the brand price or less (78% less).

Reporting volume reflects how widely a drug is used and studied, not how dangerous it is, a FAERS report documents a temporal association, never proof of cause.

phenelzine (Nardil) is a prescription Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI). This medicine treats depression, especially when it involves anxiety, phobias, or hypochondria.

Phenelzine (Nardil) is a medicine used to treat depression. It belongs to a class of drugs called MAO inhibitors.

Drug Pricing (NADAC)

Brand Price

$2.44/unit

Generic Price

$0.53/unit

Generic Savings

78%

Generic Available

Yes (1 manufacturer)

Pricing data from NADAC (CMS), effective December 18, 2024. Compare all drug costs →

View Alternatives → Compare with Another Drug → Full Side Effects Report →

What it does

This medicine treats depression, especially when it involves anxiety, phobias, or hypochondria.

Common side effects

Dizziness, Headache, Drowsiness

Key warnings

Antidepressants may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior in children, teens, and young adults.

The sections below are summarized in plain English from phenelzine's FDA-approved prescribing information. They describe what the official label says, and are not personal medical advice.

How It Works

Phenelzine works by blocking an enzyme called monoamine oxidase (MAO) in your body. MAO breaks down certain chemicals in the brain, like serotonin and norepinephrine. By blocking MAO, phenelzine helps increase the levels of these chemicals, which can improve mood.

How to Take It

The usual starting dose is one 15 mg tablet three times a day. Your doctor may increase the dose to at least 60 mg per day, as you can tolerate it. Some people may need up to 90 mg per day. It may take at least 4 weeks at 60 mg to see if it's working.

This is a plain-language summary of phenelzine's FDA labeling, not individualized dosing advice. Ask a pharmacist or prescriber before changing how you take this medication.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

It is not known if phenelzine can harm an unborn baby. Talk to your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.

This is a plain-language summary of phenelzine's FDA labeling, not individualized advice. Ask a pharmacist or prescriber about pregnancy or breastfeeding on this medication.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.

This is a plain-language summary of phenelzine's FDA labeling, not individualized advice. Ask a pharmacist or prescriber what to do about your specific missed dose.

Storage

Store at room temperature, away from heat, light, and moisture.

Side Effects (from patient reports)

Based on 1,551 FDA adverse event reports.

Most-reported reactions

Adverse reactions in FAERS for phenelzine, by number of reports

reports

What this shows Bars show how often each reaction was reported, not how likely it is to happen, a report records a temporal association, never proof that the drug caused it.

Source FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) As of 2025

Reports over time

Adverse-event reports filed for phenelzine each year to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

050100150200 20042007201020132016201920222025 18

Year-to-year volume tracks usage, prescribing, and scrutiny, not a change in per-patient risk. Source: FDA FAERS.

Where phenelzine sits

phenelzine has more FDA adverse-event reports than 10% of the drugs FAERS tracks. A high position reflects how widely a drug is used and watched, not how dangerous it is.

fewest reports most reports

Percentile across all drugs PlainMeds tracks by FAERS report volume. The dot is phenelzine; the line is the median (50th percentile).

FDA Adverse Event Report Analysis

Detailed analysis of 1,551 reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Reports span 2004–2025.

Total Reports

1,551

Reports Mentioning Death

41

2.6% of reports — not proof of cause

Hospitalization Reports

325

Top Indication

Depression

Gender Distribution

Female 889 (61%)
Male 556 (38%)

Age Distribution

0–17 3
18–44 125
45–64 352
65–74 204
75+ 65

Most Reported Adverse Reactions (FAERS)

# Reaction Reports
2 DEPRESSION 187
3 HEADACHE 136
4 ANXIETY 129
5 WEIGHT INCREASED 120
6 INSOMNIA 104
7 DIZZINESS 99
8 DRUG INTERACTION 99
9 PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCT COMPLAINT 97
10 FATIGUE 94
11 FEELING ABNORMAL 89
12 MALAISE 78
13 NAUSEA 77
14 HYPERTENSION 76
15 FALL 61
16 SOMNOLENCE 57

Reactions in Death Reports

DEATH 9
COMPLETED SUICIDE 7
CONTRAINDICATED PRODUCT ADMINISTERED 7
DRUG DOSE TITRATION NOT PERFORMED 6
HAEMORRHAGE INTRACRANIAL 6
HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS 6
PRODUCT PRESCRIBING ERROR 6
POTENTIATING DRUG INTERACTION 5
DRUG INTERACTION 4
HAEMORRHAGE 3

Reactions in Hospitalization Reports

DEPRESSION 54
DRUG INTERACTION 43
ANXIETY 42
HEADACHE 34
PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCT COMPLAINT 30
INSOMNIA 29
MALAISE 28
DIZZINESS 26
FALL 25
CONFUSIONAL STATE 24

Source: FDA FAERS (Adverse Event Reporting System) FDA FAERS (Adverse Event Reporting System) Reports are voluntary and do not establish causation

Serious Warnings

Antidepressants may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior in children, teens, and young adults. Your doctor will monitor you closely for worsening depression, suicidal thoughts, or unusual changes in behavior. Families and caregivers should also watch for these changes and report them to the doctor. This medicine is not approved for use in children.

Known Drug Interactions

moderate sertraline

Drug Interactions In patients receiving nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors in combination with serotoninergic agents (e.g., dexfenfluramine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, venlafaxine) there have been reports of serious, sometimes fatal, reactions.

Mechanism: Both of these drugs increase a chemical in your brain called serotonin. Taking them together can cause dangerously high levels of serotonin, which can be life-threatening.

What to do: Do not take these two medications together. You must wait a specific amount of time when switching between them to avoid a serious reaction.

moderate fluoxetine

Drug Interactions In patients receiving nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors in combination with serotoninergic agents (e.g., dexfenfluramine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, venlafaxine) there have been reports of serious, sometimes fatal, reactions.

Mechanism: These drugs both raise serotonin levels in the brain. Combining them can lead to a dangerous and potentially fatal reaction.

What to do: Avoid using these medications at the same time. Talk to your doctor about how to safely switch from one to the other.

moderate citalopram

Drug Interactions In patients receiving nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors in combination with serotoninergic agents (e.g., dexfenfluramine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, venlafaxine) there have been reports of serious, sometimes fatal, reactions.

Mechanism: Combining these drugs can cause too much serotonin to build up in your system. This can lead to very serious side effects that may be fatal.

What to do: This combination should be avoided. Your healthcare provider will need to manage the timing of these medications carefully.

moderate venlafaxine

Drug Interactions In patients receiving nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors in combination with serotoninergic agents (e.g., dexfenfluramine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, venlafaxine) there have been reports of serious, sometimes fatal, reactions.

Mechanism: Both medications increase serotonin levels, and using them together can cause a severe reaction. This happens because the body cannot process the excess serotonin safely.

What to do: Do not use these drugs together. Ensure there is a proper waiting period if you are stopping one and starting the other.

moderate fluvoxamine

Drug Interactions In patients receiving nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors in combination with serotoninergic agents (e.g., dexfenfluramine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, venlafaxine) there have been reports of serious, sometimes fatal, reactions.

Mechanism: Both drugs increase the amount of serotonin in your brain, which can cause a very dangerous and life-threatening reaction.

What to do: Do not use these medicines together because the combination can be fatal.

Check all your medications →

This is a plain-language summary of interactions documented in FDA labeling, not individualized advice. Ask a pharmacist or prescriber before combining medications.

Common Questions

Can I drink alcohol while taking phenelzine?
No, you should not drink alcohol while taking phenelzine.
What foods should I avoid?
Avoid foods high in tyramine or dopamine, such as aged cheeses, pickled herring, beer, wine, liver, and dry sausage.
Can I take other medications with phenelzine?
Talk to your doctor before taking any other medications, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
How long does it take for phenelzine to work?
It may take several weeks to feel the full effects of phenelzine.
What should I do if I experience side effects?
Talk to your doctor about any side effects you experience.
Can I stop taking phenelzine suddenly?
No, do not stop taking phenelzine suddenly without talking to your doctor. Stopping suddenly can cause withdrawal symptoms.
Will this medicine affect my ability to drive or operate machinery?
Phenelzine can cause drowsiness or dizziness, so be careful when driving or operating machinery.
What if I need surgery?
Tell your doctor and surgeon that you are taking phenelzine before any surgery.
How will I know if the medicine is working?
You may notice an improvement in your mood, sleep, and energy levels.
What should I do if I think I have overdosed?
Seek emergency medical attention immediately.
What are the common side effects of phenelzine?
The most commonly reported side effects of phenelzine include Dizziness, Headache, Drowsiness, Trouble sleeping, Tiredness. Based on 1,551 FDA adverse event reports. Always consult your healthcare provider about potential side effects.
Does phenelzine interact with other medications?
Yes, phenelzine has 27 known drug interactions. Notable interactions include sertraline, fluoxetine, citalopram. Always inform your doctor about all medications you are taking.
What drug class is phenelzine?
phenelzine belongs to the Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) drug class. It requires a prescription (Rx). This medicine treats depression, especially when it involves anxiety, phobias, or hypochondria.
Is there a generic version of phenelzine?
Yes, generic phenelzine is available from 1 manufacturer. The generic costs $0.53 per unit compared to $2.44 for the brand version, saving approximately 78%. Pricing is based on NADAC (National Average Drug Acquisition Cost) data from CMS.
Is phenelzine safe during pregnancy?
It is not known if phenelzine can harm an unborn baby. Talk to your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. Always consult your healthcare provider before using any medication during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

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What the FDA Data Shows for phenelzine

The FDA label for phenelzine (sold under brand names such as Nardil) classifies it as a prescription-only medication in the Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) class. This medicine treats depression, especially when it involves anxiety, phobias, or hypochondria. Official labeling lists 15 commonly reported side effects, including Dizziness, Headache, Drowsiness.

Post-market surveillance from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) captures real-world experience. For this drug, FAERS contains 1,551 voluntary reports. The database also lists 27 documented drug interactions derived from FDA labeling, with the top-flagged interaction rated moderate severity. NADAC pricing from CMS shows a generic unit cost of $0.53 versus $2.44 for the brand - a 78% generic savings.

Report counts do not establish causation, a FAERS entry documents a temporal association, not proof that the drug produced the outcome. Widely prescribed medications naturally accumulate more reports than niche therapies, so raw totals must be interpreted alongside total exposure. Shortage status, recall history, and patent information further shape supply and switching decisions. This page summarizes public FDA data for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, always consult a licensed healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.

Data Sources

Drug labeling: FDA Drug Labels (SPL/DailyMed). Adverse events: FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Pricing: CMS National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC).

FAERS reports are voluntary and do not establish causation. Drug interactions are derived from FDA labeling and clinical references. Always consult a healthcare professional before making medication decisions.

Last updated: September 29, 2017

Data currency: FDA FAERS adverse-event reports through 2025, CMS NADAC acquisition-cost pricing effective December 2024, compiled and last refreshed May 2026. See our methodology for per-source dates and refresh cadence. Spot a figure that looks wrong? Report a correction.

All federal data sources used on this page