Two medicines, side by side
Alogliptin vs sitagliptin
Alogliptin and sitagliptin are both labeled for type 2 diabetes. Drugs@FDA records approvals of alogliptin since 2013 and of sitagliptin since 2006. Pharmacies paid $4.96 per alogliptin 12.5 mg tablet and $3.77 per sitagliptin phosphate 100 mg tablet (NADAC, October 7, 2026); the strengths differ, so the two prices are not like for like. How each works, in its label's words: Alogliptin, “Increased concentrations of the incretin hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are released into the bloodstream from the small …”; Sitagliptin, “Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor, which is believed to exert its actions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by slowing the inactivation of incretin hormones.”
Check it at the source: the alogliptin FDA label on DailyMed (effective February 28, 2025); the sitagliptin FDA label on DailyMed (effective November 14, 2024).
Highlights of the alogliptin record
Alogliptin (Nesina) · label of February 28, 2025
Used for
From the label: indicationsNESINA ® is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. NESINA is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ( 1 ) Limitations of Use: Should not be used in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. […]
On the market
- Earliest approval on file
- January 25, 2013
- Generic labelers
- none listed
- Pharmacy cost
- $4.96 per tablet
Supply and safety
- Shortage
- No current entry
- Recalls
- 0
Highlights of the sitagliptin record
Sitagliptin (Januvia) · label of November 14, 2024
Used for
From the label: indicationsJANUVIA ® is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. JANUVIA is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. […]
On the market
- Earliest approval on file
- October 16, 2006
- Generic labelers
- 4 labelers
- Pharmacy cost
- $3.77 per tablet
Supply and safety
- Shortage
- No current entry
- Recalls
- 1
Source: FDA drug labels via openFDA (Alogliptin label of February 28, 2025, Sitagliptin label of November 14, 2024); NDC Directory, Drugs@FDA, NADAC, FDA shortages and recalls (October 8, 2026)
How do alogliptin and sitagliptin differ on the record?
How each works, in its label's words: Alogliptin, “Increased concentrations of the incretin hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are released into the bloodstream from the small …”; Sitagliptin, “Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor, which is believed to exert its actions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by slowing the inactivation of incretin hormones.”
Both are in FDA's class dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors.
Half-life, in each label's words: Alogliptin, “Elimination NESINA was eliminated with a mean terminal half-life (t 1/2 ) of approximately 21 hours.”; Sitagliptin, “Following a single oral 100-mg dose to healthy volunteers, mean plasma AUC of sitagliptin was 8.52 μM•hr, C max was 950 …”
Generics: alogliptin none approved; sitagliptin since 2025 (Drugs@FDA).
| Alogliptin | Sitagliptin | |
|---|---|---|
| Labeled for | Type 2 diabetes | Type 2 diabetes |
| Pharmacologic class | Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor | Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor |
| How it works (label) | Increased concentrations of the incretin hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are released into the bloodstream from the small intestine in response to meals. | Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor, which is believed to exert its actions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by slowing the inactivation of incretin hormones. |
| Half-life (label) | Elimination NESINA was eliminated with a mean terminal half-life (t 1/2 ) of approximately 21 hours. | Following a single oral 100-mg dose to healthy volunteers, mean plasma AUC of sitagliptin was 8.52 μM•hr, C max was 950 nM, and apparent terminal half-life (t 1/2 ) was 12.4 hours. |
| Earliest approval on file (Drugs@FDA) | January 25, 2013 | October 16, 2006 |
| First generic approved | none | December 29, 2025 |
| Generic labelers (NDC) | none listed | 4 labelers |
| Pharmacy cost (NADAC, each one's most listed form; strengths differ) | $4.96 per tablet (Alogliptin 12.5 mg tablet) | $3.77 per tablet (Sitagliptin phosphate 100 mg tablet) |
| 12-month price change | +9% | n/a |
| Boxed warning | No | No |
| Shortage now | No current entry | No current entry |
| Recalls recorded | 0 | 1 |
| FAERS reports (a report is not proof of cause; counts follow how widely a medicine is used) | 3,409 | 74,197 |
| DEA schedule | none | none |
Source: Drugs@FDA, FDA NDC Directory, CMS NADAC of October 7, 2026, FDA shortages and recalls, FAERS via openFDA (FDA files October 8, 2026)
What next?
- Alternatives to alogliptin
- every medicine labeled for the same conditions