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Over-the-counter medication · Vitamin B1 Supplement

thiamine

Also sold as Vitamin B1. This medicine treats thiamine deficiency, also known as beriberi.

Data updated 2026-05-15

11,724
FDA reportsModerately reported
1
Recall record

What the data shows

thiamine (Vitamin B1) is an over-the-counter Vitamin B1 Supplement, reported less often than most tracked drugs (11,724 FDA reports).

Reporting volume reflects how widely a drug is used and studied, not how dangerous it is, a FAERS report documents a temporal association, never proof of cause.

thiamine (Vitamin B1) is an over-the-counter Vitamin B1 Supplement. This medicine treats thiamine deficiency, also known as beriberi.

Thiamine hydrochloride injection is a form of vitamin B1. It is used to treat thiamine deficiency when you need rapid restoration of thiamine.

Drug Pricing (NADAC)

Generic Price

$2.65/unit

Generic Available

Yes (10 manufacturers)

Pricing data from NADAC (CMS), effective December 18, 2024. Compare all drug costs →

View Alternatives → Compare with Another Drug → Full Side Effects Report →

What it does

This medicine treats thiamine deficiency, also known as beriberi.

Common side effects

Feeling of warmth, Itching, Hives

Key warnings

In rare cases, you may have a severe allergic reaction to thiamine, especially after repeated injections.

The sections below are summarized in plain English from thiamine's FDA-approved prescribing information. They describe what the official label says, and are not personal medical advice.

How It Works

Thiamine helps your body turn food into energy. It is important for the health of your nerves, brain, muscles, heart, and digestive system. This injection increases the amount of thiamine in your body.

How to Take It

A healthcare provider will give you this injection into a muscle or vein. For beriberi, you may get 10 to 20 mg three times a day for up to two weeks. To maintain thiamine levels, you may then take a multivitamin containing 5 to 10 mg of thiamine daily for one month. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully.

This is a plain-language summary of thiamine's FDA labeling, not individualized dosing advice. Ask a pharmacist or prescriber before changing how you take this medication.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

If you are pregnant, talk to your doctor before taking this medicine. It is sometimes used for neuritis of pregnancy if vomiting is severe.

This is a plain-language summary of thiamine's FDA labeling, not individualized advice. Ask a pharmacist or prescriber about pregnancy or breastfeeding on this medication.

Missed Dose

Since a healthcare provider gives this injection, you are not likely to miss a dose. If you have concerns, talk to your doctor.

This is a plain-language summary of thiamine's FDA labeling, not individualized advice. Ask a pharmacist or prescriber what to do about your specific missed dose.

Storage

Store at room temperature, away from light. Only use if the solution is clear and the seal is intact.

Side Effects (from patient reports)

Based on 11,724 FDA adverse event reports.

Most-reported reactions

Adverse reactions in FAERS for thiamine, by number of reports

reports

What this shows Bars show how often each reaction was reported, not how likely it is to happen, a report records a temporal association, never proof that the drug caused it.

Source FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) As of 2025

Reports over time

Adverse-event reports filed for thiamine each year to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

05001,0001,500 20042007201020132016201920222025 1,074

Year-to-year volume tracks usage, prescribing, and scrutiny, not a change in per-patient risk. Source: FDA FAERS.

Where thiamine sits

thiamine has more FDA adverse-event reports than 43% of the drugs FAERS tracks. A high position reflects how widely a drug is used and watched, not how dangerous it is.

fewest reports most reports

Percentile across all drugs PlainMeds tracks by FAERS report volume. The dot is thiamine; the line is the median (50th percentile).

FDA Adverse Event Report Analysis

Detailed analysis of 11,724 reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Reports span 2004–2025.

Total Reports

11,724

Reports Mentioning Death

1,816

15.5% of reports — not proof of cause

Hospitalization Reports

6,403

Top Indication

Product Used For Unknown Indication

Gender Distribution

Female 4,637 (43%)
Male 5,996 (56%)

Age Distribution

0–17 193
18–44 1,848
45–64 3,928
65–74 1,845
75+ 1,401

Most Reported Adverse Reactions (FAERS)

# Reaction Reports
2 NAUSEA 765
4 DYSPNOEA 736
5 DIARRHOEA 679
6 PAIN 668
7 FATIGUE 620
8 CONFUSIONAL STATE 617
9 VOMITING 546
10 MALAISE 531
11 DIZZINESS 510
12 HEADACHE 505
13 FALL 498
14 CONDITION AGGRAVATED 497
15 ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY 484
16 ASTHENIA 444
17 PNEUMONIA 432

Reactions in Death Reports

DEATH 380
DYSPNOEA 273
CONFUSIONAL STATE 228
NAUSEA 224
PAIN 201
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 199
DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY 196
PEMPHIGUS 196
RASH 194
SYNOVITIS 194

Reactions in Hospitalization Reports

NAUSEA 590
DYSPNOEA 549
CONFUSIONAL STATE 506
DIARRHOEA 474
FATIGUE 407
PAIN 407
VOMITING 400
MALAISE 399
FALL 382
ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY 380

Source: FDA FAERS (Adverse Event Reporting System) FDA FAERS (Adverse Event Reporting System) Reports are voluntary and do not establish causation

Serious Warnings

In rare cases, you may have a severe allergic reaction to thiamine, especially after repeated injections. This can cause collapse and death. "Wet" beriberi with heart failure is an emergency and must be treated with slow IV thiamine.

Common Questions

What is thiamine?
Thiamine is another name for Vitamin B1.
How will I receive this medication?
This medication is given as an injection into a muscle or vein.
What should I do if I experience side effects?
Tell your doctor right away if you have any side effects.
Can I take this medication if I am allergic to thiamine?
No, you should not take this medication if you are allergic to thiamine or any of its ingredients.
How long will I need to take this medication?
The length of treatment depends on your condition. Your doctor will determine how long you need to take it.
Can I take this medication with other vitamins?
Yes, you can take this medication with other vitamins, but talk to your doctor first.
What if I have kidney problems?
Tell your doctor if you have kidney problems before taking this medication.
Will this medication interact with my other medications?
Tell your doctor about all the medications you are taking, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements.
Can I drive or operate machinery while taking this medication?
This medication is not expected to affect your ability to drive or operate machinery.
How will I know if the medication is working?
Your doctor will monitor your condition to see if the medication is working.
What are the common side effects of thiamine?
The most commonly reported side effects of thiamine include Feeling of warmth, Itching, Hives, Weakness, Sweating. Based on 11,724 FDA adverse event reports. Always consult your healthcare provider about potential side effects.
What drug class is thiamine?
thiamine belongs to the Vitamin B1 Supplement drug class. It is available over the counter (OTC). This medicine treats thiamine deficiency, also known as beriberi.
Is thiamine safe during pregnancy?
If you are pregnant, talk to your doctor before taking this medicine. It is sometimes used for neuritis of pregnancy if vomiting is severe. Always consult your healthcare provider before using any medication during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Has thiamine been recalled?
There is 1 recall associated with thiamine products. Lack of Assurance of Sterility. Check the recalls section below for full details and affected products.

Active Recalls

Class II February 5, 2026

Lack of Assurance of Sterility

Fresenius Kabi Compounding, LLC

Related Medications in Vitamin B1 Supplement

Other drugs grouped near thiamine - same-class peers and common alternatives.

Compare thiamine vs ascorbic acid side-by-side →

Medication Guides

What the FDA Data Shows for thiamine

The FDA label for thiamine (sold under brand names such as Vitamin B1) classifies it as an over-the-counter product in the Vitamin B1 Supplement class. This medicine treats thiamine deficiency, also known as beriberi. Official labeling lists 7 commonly reported side effects, including Feeling of warmth, Itching, Hives.

Post-market surveillance from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) captures real-world experience. For this drug, FAERS contains 11,724 voluntary reports. Interaction data is drawn directly from FDA-approved prescribing information. NADAC pricing from CMS shows a generic unit cost of $2.65.

Report counts do not establish causation, a FAERS entry documents a temporal association, not proof that the drug produced the outcome. Widely prescribed medications naturally accumulate more reports than niche therapies, so raw totals must be interpreted alongside total exposure. Shortage status, recall history (currently 1 recall record on file), and patent information further shape supply and switching decisions. This page summarizes public FDA data for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, always consult a licensed healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.

Data Sources

Drug labeling: FDA Drug Labels (SPL/DailyMed). Adverse events: FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Pricing: CMS National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC).

FAERS reports are voluntary and do not establish causation. Drug interactions are derived from FDA labeling and clinical references. Always consult a healthcare professional before making medication decisions.

Last updated: July 8, 2025

Data currency: FDA FAERS adverse-event reports through 2025, CMS NADAC acquisition-cost pricing effective December 2024, compiled and last refreshed May 2026. See our methodology for per-source dates and refresh cadence. Spot a figure that looks wrong? Report a correction.

All federal data sources used on this page